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Microservices has gained much popularity since its inception in 2011 because of its ability to develop large scale applications. Its adoption is on the rise, and the market is expected to boom by 2024. If you are looking for a career in Microservices, this is the right time. To help you in your path, we have curated a set of frequently asked microservices interview questions. Let us begin!
Top Microservices Interview Questions
Here are the top 15 microservices interview questions picked by certified experts:
Q1. Tell one advantage and challenges faced while using Microservices.
Ans. Microservices is technologically diverse. It can be mixed with other libraries, databases and frameworks. As microservices rely on each other, there is a need for communication between them which poses a challenge.
Q2. Which features of Microservices make it adaptable?
Ans. Microservices offer decentralized data management, DevOps implementation, technical independence, service distribution based on business capabilities, hidden component complexity, and multiple, individually deployable components.
Q3. Explain Microservices in layman terms.
Ans. Microservices or Microservices Architecture structures an application as small autonomous services modelled around a business domain as a honeycomb. The initial start is with a small section that builds a large structure that holds together a particular section; here, that is the business domain. Each cell is independent but correlated with the other cells. So damage to one cell does not impact the whole structure.
Q4: One of the most frequent microservices interview questions is – what is meant by a Spring Cloud?
Ans. Spring Cloud is a system in Microservices that integrates external systems. It builds an application in a fast manner as it is a short-lived framework. It plays a vital role in the architecture of Microservices as it is associated with a finite amount of data processing.
Q5. Tell about some embedded containers supported by Spring Boot.
Ans. Spring Boot contains the following embedded servers:
- Tomcat- Apache Tomcat, an open-source JavaServer Pages implementation
- Undertow- A central and flexible web server that develops a web server using small single handlers.
- Jetty- Eclipse Jetty can be embedded in application servers, tools, framework, and clusters in a vast number of projects
Q6. Tell us about Service Registration and Discovery in Spring Cloud.
Ans. As the number of developed and deployed services increases, adding and modifying configurations becomes more complex. The manual changing of these can create issues such as services going down. All such issues can be handled with the help of Eureka Service Registration and Discovery.
Q7. What is a ‘dumb pipe’ in Microservices?
Ans. Dumb pipes mean that no further actions can be taken place in this communication means. It just carries the data across a channel, and it is replaceable. The infrastructure is dumb, i.e. it can only act as a message router, and it has no other functions.
Q8. What are the three types of tests for Microservices?
Ans. The first test is the bottom level test that performs general test like unit and performance tests. At the middle level, experimental tests like usability and stress tests are there. Moreover, at the top level, acceptance testing takes place. Tests at all levels are automated.
Q9. Briefly tell about serverless deployment strategy of Microservices deployment.
Ans. In serverless deployment, the service is packaged as a ZIP file and uploaded to the Lambda function- a stateless service that can run enough microservices automatically to handle all requests.
Q10. List some of the best practices to design Microservices.
Ans.
- Separating build for each microservice
- Deploying into containers
- Treating servers as stateless
- Keeping code at a similar level of maturity
- Separating data store for each microservice
Q11. What are reports and dashboards used for in Microservices?
Ans. Reports and dashboards monitor and upkeep services. They find out which microservices expose what services, services are impacted when changes in component occur, version of the components deployed, and a sense of compliance and maturity from the components.
Q12. What factors make one hesitant to use microservices?
Ans. Microservices require heavy investment and heavy architecture set up. They have autonomous staff selection and need excessive planning for handling operations overhead.
Q13. What is load balancing in Spring Cloud?
Ans. Load balancing in computing improves workload distribution across multiple computing resources. It aims to maximize throughput, optimize resource use, avoid overloading a single resource and minimize response time. In Spring Cloud, load balancing can be implemented using Netflix Ribbon.
Q14. What is blue/green deployment?
Ans. There are two complete environments in blue, green deployment. Blue is the running environment, and green is the one which you want to upgrade. Once the environment is swapped, traffic is directed to the new green environment. The old blue environment can be saved for backup or deleted.
Q15. Define reactive extensions in Microservices.
Ans. Reactive extensions or Rx is a design pattern that allows collecting results by calling multiple services and compiling a combined response. It is a popular tool working exactly opposite to legacy flows.
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